MUMBAI, India, Aug. 24 -- Intellectual Property India has published a patent application (202641098211 A) filed by T Subbulakshmi; Karpaga Vinayaga Educational Lore For Learning; Dr. P. Kasinatha Pandian; Dr. L. Subbaraj; Dr. M. Thanikachalam; Dr. G. Prem Kumar; Mrs. J. Prasanya; and Dr. R. Arvind Saravan on August 13, 2026, for Development Of A Thermally Efficient And Low-Carbon Concrete Composite Incorporating Coal Bottom Ash For Sustainable Construction Applications Thereof.
Inventors include T Subbulakshmi; Karpaga Vinayaga Educational Lore For Learning; Dr. P. Kasinatha Pandian; Dr. L. Subbaraj; Dr. M. Thanikachalam; Dr. G. Prem Kumar; Mrs. J. Prasanya; and Dr. R. Arvind Saravan.
The application for the patent was published on August 21, 2026, under issue no. 34/2026.
Abstract: Uncontrolled building heat transfer through low-resistance envelopes escalates global HVAC energy consumption, demanding sustainable insulation solutions. While incorporating industrial byproducts like Coal Bottom Ash (CBA) promotes concrete circularity, a critical research gap persists regarding the balancing point where fine- aggregate replacement maximizes thermal resistance without triggering structural failure. This study addresses this limitation by evaluating concrete mixes with 0% to 75% CBA substitutions. Rheological results showed that vesicular CBA grains reduced workability, dropping slump values by 45.4%. However, microstructural and pozzolanic optimization established a distinct parabolic mechanical threshold at 45% replacement, maximizing compressive (31.8 N/mm²), split tensile (3.55 N/mm²), and flexural (5.93 N/mm²) strengths via dense secondary calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) gel formation. Concurrently, bulk thermal conductivity decreased linearly by up to 10.7%, optimizing energy boundaries
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