MUMBAI, India, Jan. 7 -- Intellectual Property India has published a patent application (202511104051 A) filed by Ajay Kumar Garg Engineering College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, on Oct. 29, 2025, for 'model apparatus for demonstration of non-orientable topological surfaces.'

Inventor(s) include Dr. Nitin Kumar Sharma; and Divyansh Sharma.

The application for the patent was published on Dec. 12, under issue no. 50/2025.

According to the abstract released by the Intellectual Property India: "The present disclosure provides a model apparatus for demonstration of non-orientable topological surfaces. The model apparatus comprises a support structure configured to provide positional retention for interactive shaping, a flexible conduit arranged to define a continuous passage and configured to be retained on the support structure, a junction assembly operatively connected to the flexible conduit and adapted to form an intersecting passage portion through the flexible conduit such that a non-orientable surface representation is established, and an engagement unit retained on the support structure and configured to permit manual manipulation of the flexible conduit to dynamically reshape the non-orientable surface representation for visualization of topological continuity."

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